File machine



June 24, 1930. c, M. LOGAN 1,767,468

FILE MACHINE Filed May 7, 1921 7 SheetsSheet 2 @513 Mme/13',

June 24, 1930. H c. M. LOGAN I -1,767,468

FILE MACHINE Filed May 1921 '7 Sheets-sheaf 3 C. M. LOGAN June 24, 1930.

FILE MACHINE Filed May 7, 1921 7 Sheets--Sheet 61am W June 24, 1930. c. M.'LOGAN 1,767,468

FILE MACHINE Filed y 1921 7 Sheets-Sheet 5' als Ia 101 102 103 I, 1 109 6 84 rqufilj 4 I. I I 9 III 7.

i 104 1 I 10, I 123 o i i r '75 June 24, 1930. c. M. LOGAN 1,767,463 7 FILE MACHINE Filed May 7. 1921 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented June 24, 1930 COLIN M. LOGAN, 0E NEWARK, EW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 HELLER NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 0E NEW PANY, OF NEWARK,

BROTHERS COM- JERSEY 1 FILE MACHINE Application filed May 7, 1921.

My invention relates to improvementsin file machines, and the principal object of my invention is to produce a reliable'machine which will make a better file than the machines generally used. My invention is also intended to produce a machine which will work to better advantage on the stock, and will efficiently and rapidly turnout finished Usually in machine made files, the chisel cuts against the stock and moves against the direction of the feed; but with my improvement, the direction of the chisel co incides with the direction of the feed. In this way I get smoother and'better work. In the first place, there isnot so much opposition to the blow, and in the next place, the file tooth is cut so that it follows a previous cut, and the metal of the file blank flows better, smoother, and makes a nicer tooth than when the older method is used. Another object of my invention is to cut the stock more after the manner of a hand-cut file, that is to say, as the chisel engages the stock to cut a tooth, instead of having one powerful blow, I have the machine arranged to give repeated blows on the chisel, and I get a better result thereby. Another object of my invent-ion is to hold the chisel resiliently and yetaccurately, so that a smoother and nicer job is made, and the chisel does not interfere with the feed. My invention is further intended to produce a simple and accurate means for adjusting the pitch of the tool,and consequen tly of the tooth which it cuts.

In general my invention is intended to produce a better and more efficient file making machine than hasheretofore been used, and one that will make a better file than the ordinary machine. 7

With these andother ends in view, my in vention consists of a file making machine having the stroke of the chisel and the-feed coinciding, a flexible holder for the chisel, an ad justable and rapid hammer stroke on the The drawings are by Serial No. 467,740.

chisel, and certain other features which will be hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in'all the views.

Figure 1 is a front 'elevationof the filemachine embodying my invention, parts being broken away. Figure 2 is a rear end View of the machine. Figure 3 is a side elevation of the machine. 7, igure dis aside elevation taken from the opposite side from that shown in Figure'3. Figure 5 isa plan view of the machine. Figure 6 is a cross section on the line 6'6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a broken detail longitudinal section ofa part of the feed.

Figure 8 is a detail elevation the chiselengages the stock.

Figure9 is a broken detail partly in section of the cam mechanism for a ctuating'the hammer weight.

Figure 10 is a detail view partly in section showing means for holding the hammer weight out of action.

' Figure 11 is an enlarged detail plan view of the chisel holder and guide.

Figure 12 is a detail elevation of the mechanism for adjusting-the pitch of the chisel.

Figure 13 is a front elevation of the construction shown in Figure 11.

Figure 14 is a broken end view of the structure shown in Figure 12.

Figure 15 is a cross section on the line 1515 of Figure 1 showing how Figure 16 is a vertical cross section through the machine on the and p p Figure'17 is a detail of the mechanism for alilitoilnatically raising the chisel holder and c we line 16-l6 of Figure I 5,

way of example, and from the description that follows it will be understood that many of the parts can be maheld down by a presser terially changed, and particularly the driving and adjusting mechanisms can be altered without affecting the invention.

The machine can be provided with any suitable frame, and I have shown a base having the framework 11 of suitable design mounted thereon, and arranged longitudinal- 1y of and horizontally in the machine is a bed having inclined sides 12 and a recess 13 in which the carriage 14 slides, and the screw 16 turns. The carriage moves backward and forward in the machine, and it is provided on its under side with a toothed rack which engages and is driven by the rotating screw 16, the shaft 17 of which is mounted in suitable bearings, and at the front end of the shaft 17 is a hand wheel 18 which can be turned to approximately adjust the carriage when desired. At its opposite end the shaft 17 is provided with a bevel pinion 19 by which it is rotated, backward and forward to actu ate the carriage. The rack 15 is shown provided with upturned lugs 20 through which extend set screws 21 impinging against the end of the carriage, and by this means, if there is any slack or wear between the carriage and the rack, this can betaken up.

The top of the carriage 14 is provided with a recessed bed 22 and a half round support 23 on which the stock from which the file is made may rest. This member 23 is upturned at its front end as shown at 24 to form an abutment for the tang of the file, and it abuts with a part 2510f the frame when the carriage is at the front end of its stroke. The member 23 is provided with guide pins or abutments 26 which engage the sides and end of the stock from which the file 29 is cut, and thisstock or blank abuts at its inner end with a flange 27 on the bed piece 28 which lies immediately beneath the stock or blank 29 when the latter is in position to be cut, as shown in Figures 5, 6 and 16.

When the file is in position to be cut it is foot 30 attached to a bracket 31 on the cross-shaft 32, and pressure is applied as described later, and the presser foot can be held down by any suitable mechanism.

When'the machine is operated the carriage 14 first moves back to the rear end of the machine, and instead of cutting from the butt end of the file towards the tang, the cutting is effected from the tang towards the butt end, and the chisel 33 (see Figure 8 first engages to form a cut transversely of the file 29 next the tang thereof, and each subsequent cut follows the preceding one, so that as the carriage moves forward and the chisel comes down vupon the stock, it is inclined inthe direction of the feed, and each tooth is out after a previously cut tooth, and so the metal of the file flows readily, and a, smooth. perfect cut is easily made. p 7 I The chisel 33 is held in a flexibleholder, or

rather inoa holder which is flexibly supported, and this holder 34.has a slot 33 to receive the chisel, and it has a limited movement up and down in the guide 35 which is secured to a cross shaft 36. A bolt 37 extends through the slot 38 in the guide, and is screwed into the holder 34 so that the holder can move with relation to the guide while the bolt travels in the slot 38. The chisel is held in the holder by a set screw 39. To provide for a flexible connection between the holder and guide, a spring is arranged around the bolt behind the guide and between it and the nut 39 on the bolt.

The following means is shown as suitable for regulating the pitch of the chisel 33 and its holder 34. This is done by changing the position of the shaft 36. This shaft is supported at the ends in the two box members 40 and 41, the latter having an arm 42, and the arms 42 slide in the inclined ways 42 (Figure 16) so that the shaft and tool or chisel holder'can be raised as hereinafter described. Parallel with the shaft 36 and behind the lower part of the member 42, is an abutment'43 secured to the frame, and attached to the shaft is an arm 44 through which extends a screw 45 which strikes the abutment 43, so that by regulating this screw, the position of the arm 44 and shaft 36 can be regulated, and consequently the pitch of the members 34 and 35. The pivoted bolt 46 on the end of the member 43 engages a block 47 against which fits the member 48, and a screw 49 extends through this member into the block 47 and is pressed against it by a spring 49,- so that the spring has a tendency to keep the proper tension between the parts 44 and 43.

The chisel holder 34 is struck by the hammer head 50 which is detachably secured to the heavy weight 51, and this moves up and down in a suitable'vertical guideway in the machine. Atits back side the weight runs on a guide 52 which is secured to a suitable backing 53 on the machine frame. The weight is recessed as shown at 54, and in the upper wall of'this recess is a hardened block 55 which is held by a screw 56 (see Figures 9 and 16) and this serves as a bearing member on which the cam 57 runs. This cam is rotated with the shaft 58 which is the main driving shaft of the machine, and it is timed so that when the chisel 53 engages the stock or file 29, the shaft 58 makes a complete rotation, and consequently the weight 51 is raised and dropped twice by means of the cam 57, and twoblows are struck on the chisel. Obviously the cam might be made so as to strike more blows if desired, and I find that by having a plurality of blows, I get a much better result than where the whole tooth of a file is cut by one blow of the hammer.

. The weight -51-notonly' descends by gravity, but it is forced firmly down by a stiff spring 59 which presses against the top of it, and is arranged between the weight and an arm 60 which is pivoted as shown at 61 to the bracket 62 on the machine frame (see Figure 16), and the spring 59 is held positioned by a bolt 63 in the arm 60. The free end of the arm 60 connects by a link 64 with a screw 65 which is journaled in the bracket 66 (see Figure 16) and is provided with a hand wheel 67 or equivalent, so that by this means the screw 65 may be turned and the arm 60 raised or lowered, thus regulating the tension of the spring 59, and consequently the force of the blow delivered by the weight 51, and thus the blow can be easily regulated to suit files of different sizes, or at least having different sizes of teeth.

When the weight is raised it is held momentarily by the cam 68 (see Figure 10) on the shaft 69, and this cam engages an abutment member 70 which is held in the recess of the weight 51, is pivoted therein as shown at 71, and can be adjusted by the set screw'72. Thus during half a revolution of the shaft 69, the weight is held raised, and during the other half of the revolution the weight can descend upon the chisel holder.

The shaft 58 is provided with tight and loosepulleys 73 and 7 4, or equivalent driving means, and the shaft 69 is suitably connected to the driving shaft. As illustrated (see Figure 5) it has a gear wheel-73 mesh ing with a gear wheel 74 on the counter shaft 75, and the latter connects with the driving shaft 58 through the mechanism of meshing gears 76 and 77 which are timed so as to bring the cam 68 in position to support the weight 51 while the stock is being advanced, but obviously the gearing and driving parts of the machine can be changed without affecting the invention. v

The chisel holder and chisel are raised automatically through the mechanism shown in Figures 16 and 17. Each arm 42 previously referred to which connects as already described with the shaft 36 carrying the chisel holder, has a stud 7 8 thereon, and the armslides in a slide-way 42 (see Figure 17) The stud 78 engages a fork 79 which is attached as a crank tot-he shaft 80, and this has secured thereon a pawl 81 having an offset end 82 riding on the cam 83 which is attached to the shaft 69 already referred to, so that as the shaft 69 revolves, and just as a tooth has been formed, the cam 83 willtilt thepawlarm 81, raise the'fork 79, arm 42,

and tool holder or chisel holder 34. Meanwhile the stock will be advanced and the cam 83 will have advanced so as to release the chisel holder to the imp act of the blows which are now delivered, and while I have describedmeans for imparting a plurality of blows upon the chisel, it will be understood of course that for certain classes of work a single blow can be used if preferred.

Assuming that the carriage 14 is at the rear end of its stroke and ready to start forward; the machine is started by pulling forward the handle lever, 84' (see Figure 3) which is pivoted opposite the lug 85, and the lever 106 presently referred to, and this encrum 89 and pushes back the rod'90 which has a crank connection with the vertical shaft 91 on which is another crank 92 engaging a pin 93 (see Figure 3) on the collar 94 of the shipping shaft 95. This slides in its bearings, and is moved in one direction by the spring 96 which is coiled around it between one of its bearings and the collar 97. The shaft 95 has a connection as shown at 98 with the shipping arm 99 which shifts the driving belt from the loose pulley to the tight or vice versa, and thus by the lever 8 4the shipping arm can bemoved in one direction, and the spring 96 will move it in the opposite direction. I have not shown this shipping arrangement with great detail because it is not claimed as novel, and anything suitable can be substituted if preferred. The shipping lever or fork'99 is pivoted on the bracket 100.

The shaft 58 has a pulley 101 thereon, and the cross belt 102 connects the pulley with a pulley 103 on the shaft 104 at the rear end of the machine, and this shaft connects through the medium of a clutch pulley 120 presently referred to (see Figure2) with the shaft 104 the latter carrying a beveled gear 105 which is in constant mesh with the pinion 19 on the screw shaft 17. Consequently when the clutch is in, the gear 105 will drive the carriageforward, and the clutch is thrown open when the carriage is reversed. When the lever 84 is pulled forward as describedit also pulls the lug 111 thereon off the crank 110 on the shaft 80, and permits thelatter to turn so as to allow the shaft 36 and the chisel holder to drop into position for use, and in this connection I preferably use springs 36 between the shaft and a part of the frame as tension springs.

The carriage is reversed by stepping on the lever 112 (see Figurel). This is pivoted on the casing 113 or equivalent support, and its rear end connects by a link 114 with the crank 115 on the shaft 116 which extends longitudinally of the machine, and at the rearend (see Figure 2) is provided with a crank 117 connecting by a link 118 with the lower end of the lever 119 which connects with the clutch 120 above referred to, and this is fulcrumed on the rod 121 connecting with the arm 122 which is fulcrumed on the link 124, this being in turn pivoted to the machine frame.

Referring to the link mechanism in Figure 2, it will thus be seen that when the arm 119 is tilted so as to throw the clutch 120, the arm 122 will be tilted so as to slide back the bevel gear 123 which meshes with the pinion 19 on the feed shaft, so that the carriage is driven alternately backward and forward. The shaft 116 is alsoprovided with a crank 125 connecting with the piston rod 126 of a dash-pot or casing 113, which is not shown in detail, but which is of usual construction, so that the return pressure in the dash-pot returns the shaft 116 and connected parts to normal position.

Referring to Figure 5, it will be seen that the carriage is provided with a boss 128 which as the carriage moves forward strikes an arm 129 which is pivoted on the machine frame as shown at 130, and the opposite end of the arm connects with the rod 131 which is in turn pivoted to the lower end of the lever 132 (see Figure 16) the lower end of which is held f0rward by the spring 133. The upper end of the lever 132 carries a stop 134 which moves into the path of the collar 135 on the shipping shaft or rod 95 already referred to, so that as the stroke of the carriage is finished, the shipping rod is released, and-the spring 96 throws it back so as to. move the shipper 99 and shift the belt to the loose pulley.

The gear 123 which drives the carriage on its rear stroke, is driven from the shaft 104*, when the clutch 120 is loose, by the following mechanism, although anything suitable can be substituted therefor. The shaft 75 carries a pulley 136 from which a cross-belt 137 extends to the pulley 138 on the stud 139 which is mounted on a bracket 140 at the rear end of the machine, and the stud 139 carries a gear wheel 141 driving a gear 142 on the shaft 104*.

The machine is operated as follows. A blank 29 from which a file is to be cut, is placed on the bed 22 when the carriage 14 is in its forward position. The operator steps on the treadle 112, and this through the link and lever mechanism shown at the rear in Figure 2, disengages the clutch 120 and throws the gear 123 in mesh with the pinion 19, so that the gearing described turns the screw 16 and carries the carriage to the back of its stroke. The lever 84 is then pulled forward, thus releasing the lever 106 to the action of its weight 108, removing the brake-shoe 87 from the wheel 88, and allowing the pressure foot 30 to drop upon the blank. At the same time the shaft 80 is turned so as to drop the chisel 33 upon the stock, and the shaft 69 is turned so as to bring the cam 68 from beneath the bearing piece and freeing the weight 51.

The shaft 58 will nowgive a revolution, and

the cams 57 acting on the bearing piece 55 will twice raise the weight 51 which acting by gravity and by the pressure of the spring 59, will give two sharp blows of the hammer head upon the chisel holder 34, thus cutting a tooth. Meanwwhile the rotation of the shaft 69 will again hold the weight 51 momentarily raised, and the turning of the shaft 80 will lift the shaft 36 and the tool or chisel holder so as to permit the'stock to advance the distance of one tooth, when the foregoing opera tion is repeated, and this cycle of action is followed through until the file is finished.

In illustrating and describing this invention it has been necessary to show considerable detail in order that it may be seen how the invention is to be carried out, but I wish to emphasize the fact that the invention is not a detail invention, but relates to a broad principle and an innovation in the cutting of machine-made files, in which contrary to the usual practice, the feed of the stock from which the file is cut coincides with the move ment of the chisel, except of course that the latter is inclined, in which the chisel holder is flexible to provide for niceties in variation, and in which. the cut is made by repeated blows on the chisel at each cut. I wish to emphasize the fact that while detail mechanism is shown, some of which is novel and claimed, for driving the machine, for operating the several parts, and for adjusting the parts, my invention isnot confined to these details, and many of them can be materially changed without affecting the invention. It will be readily seen by persons skilled in the art that the carriage, for instance, can be driven in many ways without affecting the invention, and that the automatic devices for shifting the drive belt and for driving the other parts of the machine, can be changed without affecting its character.

Attention is called further to the fact that by flexibly supporting the chisel at an inclination to the stock feed, and so that it shall travel in a path generally coincident with the stock feed, I get an action similar to hand work, as the chisel holder yields slightly with the feed, and asthe blows are'impart'ed, the result being a better tooth than is made where the parts are absolutely rigid.

I claim 1. A file making machine comprising means for feeding a file blank, a chisel sliding in the general-direction of'the file feed but at an angle thereto and arranged to impinge upon the blank, and means for imparting repeated blows to the chisel whileit is in each cutting engagement with the blank.

2. In a file making machine, a carriage having a bed for a file blank, a toothed rack on the carriage, a screw engaging the rack, and means for adjusting the rack longitudinally to take up the slack between itself and the carriage. 3

3. A file making machine comprising means for feeding a file blank, a chisel inclined downwardly in the direction of the file feed and adapted to impinge thereon, means for flexibly supporting the chisel so that it may yield transversely to its axis as it ongages the stock, and means for imparting blows to the chisel.

4. A file making machine comprising means for feeding a file blank, a transversely yielding chisel holder inclined in the direction of the feed, a chisel carried by the holder and adapted to impinge upon the file blank, and means for adjusting the pitch of the chisel holder and chisel.

5. A file making machine comprising means for feeding a fileblank, a chisel holder movable with relation to the file blank and inclined in the direction of the file feed, means for flexibly supporting the holder, and means for adjusting the pitch of the holder.

6. A file making machine comprising a travelling bed adapted to support a file blank, a chisel holder flexibly supported and inclined in the direction of the file feed, means for regulating the pitch of the holder, and means for imparting blows to the holder to cut a tooth.

7. A file making machine comprising means for feeding a file blank, a chisel holder inclined downwardly in the direction of the file feed, a variably positionable shaft supporting the chisel holder, and means for positioning the shaft to regulate the pitch of the holder.

8. In a file making machine, the chisel carrier comprising a shaft, means for flexibly supporting a chisel on the shaft, bearings for the shaft, and bracket arms supporting the bearings and sliding in suitable ways.

9. A file making machine comprising a movable bed adapted to carry a file blank, a chisel holder inclined in the general direction of the bed, a chisel carried by the holder and adapted to impinge on the file blank, a presser foot to hold the file blank to its seat, means for imparting blows to the chisel holder, and automatic means for holding the chisel and presser foot out of engagement with the file blank as the latter advances.

10. In a file machine, the means for supporting the cutting chisel, comprising a shaft, a chisel holder flexibly supported on the shaft, means for adjusting the chisel holder with relation to the shaft, and sliding brackets supporting the shaft.

11. In a file machine, the chisel holder comprising a shaft, a guide-block thereon, a chuck member adapted to support the chisel and sliding on the guide-block, and a resilient sliding connection between the chuck member and-the guide block.

12. A file makin machine com means for feeding a le blank, a varia sitionable chisel holder inclined in the rising y P direction ofthe .flle. feed, a chisel carried by the holder and impinging on the file blank, a weighted hammer sliding up and down with relation to the chise'lholder and impinging thereon, a cam mechanism for actuating the hammer, a cam mechanismto intermittently lock "the hammer in raised position, and means forraising the chisel holder after each cut on the file blank.

13.. Ina file making machine, the combina tion with the sliding hammer, of a cam mechanism for operating it,- a tilting arm arranged abovethe hammer, a' spring between the arm and the hammer top, and a screw mechanism for positioning the arm and thereby regulating the tension of the spring.

14. A file making machine comprising means for" eeding a file blank, an inclined chisel moving in the general direction of the filefeed while teeth are being cut, a reciprocating hammer above the chisel and adapted to impart blows thereto, a gaging the file blank to hold it in place, a weighted arm actuating the presser foot, a driving shaft, a brake for the driving shaft, and a lever mechanism controlling the brake and the presser foot weight.

15. A file making machine comprising a carriage having a bed thereon to receive a file blank, a rotatable screw engaging and driving the carriage, tooth cuttlng mechanism above the file blank, driving mechanism connected with the screw to drive it in opposite directions, and lever and presser mechanism connected with and controlling the driving mechanism.

16. A file making machine comprising a constant feed for the file blank, such feed comprising a power driven threaded shaft, a cutting chisel and holder therefor held to move in a path generally coinciding with that of the file feed, and means for yieldingly supporting the chisel holder, supporting means may flex while the chisel is engaged with the file blank.

17. A file making machine comprising a constant feed for the file blank, such feed comprising a power driven threaded shaft, a chisel holder arranged opposite the file 'feed and movable with relation thereto, means for supporting a chisel on the holder at an inclination in the direction of the file feed, and a flexible support for the chisel holder whereby the support may flex while the chisel is in contact with the file blank the chisel being placed to begin its cutting at the tang end of the file.

18. A file making machine comprising a reciprocating bed adaptedto carry a file blank thereon, a chisel and a flexibly mounted chisel holder inclined in the direction of the file feedand carrying the chisel so that the latter may impinge on the file blank, a weighted hammer adapted to strike upon the chisel holder, a cam mechanism for imparting a presser foot en-' whereby such plurality e f -lows to the "chisel holder While the chisel is in contact with the file blank, and a second eam mechanism 'ior locking the hammer momentarily while the file blank is advanced.

1 9. A file making machine comprising means for feeding a'file hla-nk, a transverse- 1y yielding, resiliently mounted chisel holder, 21 chisel secured therein and inclined in the direction of feedof the blank and arranged to impinge thereon, and means for supporting said chisel and said chisel holder, said chisel holder being secured to said supporting means in such a manner that said chisel and holder may be moved relatively to said supporting means and transversely to the axis of said chisel.

COLIN M. LOGAN. 

